< V > TOEFL Vocabulary (7)

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1. circulate v. To move throughout an area or group; to move along a somewhat circular route

The gossip circulated quickly through the small town.

Blood circulates more quickly during physical exercise.

Usage tips Circulate is often followed by through.

Parts of speech circulation n

2. corrode v. To be slowly weakened by chemical reactions

Sitting in salt water, the old coins corroded and became very easy to break.

Usage tips A familiar kind of corrosion produces rust, the reddish coating on iron or steel that has been exposed to air and water.

Parts of speech corrosion n

3. derive v. To come from, usually through a long, slow process

The Cyrillic alphabet was derived from the Greek alphabet.

Usage tips Derive is often followed by from.

Parts of speech derivation n, derivative adj

4. detection n. Discovering something that cannot easily be found

With new medical technology, the detection of cancer is much easier nowadays.

Usage tips Detection is often followed by an of phrase.

Parts of speech detect v, detectable adj

5. expeditiously adv. Quickly and efficiently

Using carrier pigeons, the military commanders exchanged messages expeditiously.

Parts of speech expedite v, expedition n, expeditious adj

6. implement v. To make use of; to carry out

Not until after the new software was installed could we implement the new filing system.

Parts of speech implement n, implementation n

7. innovative adj. Ahead of the times; novel

The innovative use of props and lighting drew many favorable comments.

Parts of speech innovation n

8. installation n. Setting something into position for use

Installation of the new software takes only four minutes.

Parts of speech install v

9. maintenance n. The act of keeping something in good condition

The only problem with living in such a big house is that it requires a lot of maintenance.

Parts of speech maintain v

10. simulation n. An imitation or representation

To test car safety, automobile makers study crash simulations.

Parts of speech simulate v, simulator n