< ! > TOEFL: Transition word/phrase for Writing

Salah satu kriteria penulisan adalah coherence (pertalian/penyambungan antar kalimat yang jelas) sehingga kalimat mudah dipahami. Ciri penulisan coherent adalah penggunakan kata penghubung/transition word/connector.

(W1) To State the Reasons

There are different reasons why

There are several explanations for

There are many positive/negative reasons for

There are some/more/fewer benefits/disadvantages to

(W2) To Give an Opinion

(Why) I believe

I’d like to explain why

Personally

I’d enjoy

I would prefer

I think

In my opinion

As far as I’m concerned

It seems to me

I suggest

(W3) To Set Up a Condition

If

Even if

If I could

Whether (or not)

. . . may/might

. . . can be

(W4) To Further the Argument

First (of all) . . . Second . . .Third

In addition

There are three reasons why

Similarly

Furthermore

Moreover

Further

As an example

For instance

What’s more

Not only . . . but also

. . . including

More than

Also

. . . coupled with

Both . . . and

(W5) To Summarize/Conclude

In conclusion

Finally

As a result (of)

In summary

Therefore

To sum up

In other words

To summarize

Then

In brief

On the whole

To conclude

As we have seen

As has been said

(W6) To Restate or Repeat an Argument

To put it differently

To repeat

Namely

That is

In other words

(W7) To Show Cause/Reason and Effect/Result

Consequently

Because (of)

Due to

Thanks to

If this occurs, then

To this end

Since

For this reason

As a result

Caused by

(W8) To Show Time Relationships

Immediately

Then

Later

Afterwards

After

Before

While

During

As soon as

As

Sometimes

Last

Frequently

When

Once

Often

Oftentimes

(W9) To Generalize

Overall

For the most part

In general

Generally speaking

By and large

(W10) To Show Contrast/Make an Exception

Some may argue that

Although

Even though

Whereas

Instead

In contrast

On the one hand

On the other hand

However

In spite of

Despite

Unlike

On the contrary

But

Yet

Rather than

Either

Or

Nor

Neither

Either . . . or

Neither . . . nor

Nevertheless

Nonetheless

Sometimes

Once in a while

Occasionally

Some . . . other(s)

Other(s)

Often

None

(W11) To Emphasize

Above all

Obviously

Clearly

Evidently

Actually

In fact

Certainly

Definitely

Extremely

Indeed

Absolutely

Positively

Surprisingly

Unquestionably

Without a doubt

Objectively

In fact

(W12) To State Policy

The policy is (that)

(W13) To Argue/Make a Suggestion

. . . seems to warrant

. . . contend/s

. . . argue/s

. . . justify/ies

This observation is supported by

To plead

. . . suggest/s

The suggestion is valid

. . . propose/s

. . . claim/s

. . .state/s

. . . clearly proof enough

If I had the choice

. . . examine/s

. . . assert/s

(W14) To Show Disagreement

. . . object/s (to)

. . . disagree/s with

. . . contradict/s

. . . doesn’t/don’t support

. . . is/are invalid

These arguments, one by one, can be challenged

. . . is absurd/ridiculous/unfounded/illogical

. . . not to be taken seriously

. . . has/have no scientific basis

. . . dispute/s

(W15) To Choose One Option over Another

. . .might be the better option

. . .make/s it a better policy

It’s beneficial/better/positive

It’s detrimental/worse/negative

. . . is true/false

The assertion that . . .

. . . seem/s to offer strong arguments for/against

. . . is/are better/worse than

(W16) To Show Similarity

Just as

As . . . as

In the same way

Similarly

Likewise

As in/as with/as was/etc.

(W17) To Show Purpose

In order to

For

So that

So as to

(W18) To Show Evidence/Give an Example

As evidence of

The legitimacy of

Such as

For example

A few of these are

In the case of

In addition

For one thing . . . for another

(W19) To State the Problem

The problem is (how)

The question is

What is being asked/challenged

(W20) To State the Options

One option is

The other option is