Tuesday, August 14, 2012

< V > TOEFL Vocabulary (182)


Sharply (adverb) 
Chimpanzees require massive regimented teaching sequences contrived by humans to
acquire quite rudimentary abilities.  These contrasts sharply with human children, who
pick up thousands of words spontaneously, combine them in structured sequences where
every word has a determinate role.

Shatter (verb) 
to cause the complete ruin or wreckage of; to split into fragments by a blow 
By sailing into the New World, Christopher Columbus shattered the belief that the
world was flat.

Shoaling (adjective) 
referring to an area of shallow water
Consequently, as the tsunami's speed diminishes as it travels into shallower water, its
height grows. Because of this shoaling effect, a tsunami, imperceptible at sea, may grow
to be several meters or more in height near the coast.

Shortchange (verb)  
to give less than the correct amount of change;  to deprive of or give less than due
Emotionally and physically depleted caregivers may shortchange their own needs,
risking burnout, poor health and depression.

Short-haul (adjective) 
transporting or carrying someone or something over a relatively short distance
Due to the popularity of trains in European cities, airlines are halting or reducing short-
haul service and focusing more on the longer runs.

Showcasing (adjective) 
presenting, especially attractively, to the general attention of someone
Denver, showcasing its snowcapped Rocky Mountains and lush vegetation, is one of the
most beautiful cities for this time of the year.

Shrink (verb) 
to reduce in size by or as if by drawing together
The neutron star continues to shrink until it finally becomes a black hole.

 Shroud (verb) 
to cut off from view: obscure 
Fog shrouded parts of the California coast between San Francisco and Los Angeles. 

Sideshow (noun) 
an incidental diversion or spectacle  
As irritating as they are, the subsidies, which mostly take the form of government loans,
are a sideshow to the main contest, as Bombardier and Embracer jockey for position in
a market that, while stagnant today, is expected to explode with demand. 

Siege (noun) 
a military blockade of a city or fortified place to compel it to surrender 
Rebels pulled out of the city Friday after a four day siege by artillery and rockets, and
after fighting that left an estimated 500 civilians dead. 

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